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Plastic calendering products of the main raw material to make polyvinyl chloride resin, hereinafter referred to as pvc, but pvc performance determines that it must be added to a variety of additives in order to carry out the production of moulding process. The choice of additives depends on the performance of the calendering products and the requirements of the application conditions. The main raw material pvc resin also need to add plasticizers, stabilizers, lubricants, colouring agents and fillers and other materials. These main and auxiliary materials combined into a material formula, the choice of raw materials is a more complex work, the designer must have a full understanding of a variety of materials, in order to select the more suitable materials, more reasonable composition of the product moulding material formula. The choice of materials used in the formula has a direct impact on the production process, operation, product quality and cost of products produced by calendering.
Polyvinyl chloride film extrusion molding materials are mainly suspension method of polyvinyl chloride resin, the application of auxiliary materials is based on the performance of the film and the application of the conditions of the need to add a certain proportion of stabilizers, plasticizers, lubricants, fillers, coloring agents and some of the necessary processing aids, and so on, after a reasonable choice of the proportion of materials used in the composition of raw material formulations.
1.Raw material formula
PVC product is a kind of multi-component plastic, the design of product formula is a complicated technical work. It involves the application performance of main raw materials and auxiliary materials, product specifications and quality, production equipment, moulds and various production auxiliary equipment performance and PVC production process and control of process parameters and other factors. Therefore, the requirements of PVC products with raw materials formulation designers, should be a raw materials, equipment and production processes have a more comprehensive, systematic knowledge of the technical staff, not only have a more comprehensive theoretical knowledge, but also the production of practical work experience. Such a technician to design the formula, from raw materials, equipment and processes and other aspects of comprehensive consideration.
Formulation design should pay attention to the following points:
1) To understand the application conditions of the product, the main and secondary items in the quality requirements of the product, in order to meet the product quality requirements, try to choose a convenient source of raw materials, sufficient sources, low prices, more stable performance of the material composition formula.
2) The materials to be selected should pay attention to the mutual influence of the raw materials and the feasibility of the process operation. For example, in order to ensure that the products have better mechanical strength, ready to choose a higher relative molecular mass of PVC resin, however, the production of such materials require higher process temperatures, the result is that the production operation has brought a certain degree of difficulty, but also increase the cost of product quality.
Product production costs, and the quality of the product is difficult to ensure. Therefore, such materials are not desirable. Formulation design when selecting materials must be a comprehensive measure, can not unilaterally emphasise a certain point, while ignoring the consequences of interactions between materials.
3) Pay attention to the formulation of the material on the process operating conditions are demanding. Those sensitive to changes in process temperature, not easy to mix with other materials, easy to decompose, precipitate the material should be used sparingly or not.
4) The application of the main raw material suspension method of polyvinyl chloride resin, the general rule is: general-purpose ordinary polyvinyl chloride film with SG2 a type A; agricultural and artificial leather mask with SG3 a type A; industrial and civil film with SG4 a type A; transparent sheet with SG6 a type A; heat-shrinkable film with SG4 or SG5 type.
2. Auxiliary materials (additives) in the formulation
Auxiliaries are added to the main raw materials for plastic products in order to make the moulding and processing of plastic products go smoothly or to change the performance of the main raw materials of resin to meet the requirements of the application conditions of plastic products. This is the role of additives added to the main raw materials. For example, the addition of certain additives can change the viscosity, high temperature resistance, not easy to decompose, improve the fluidity of the molten material; some can improve the mechanical properties of the products; there are also able to change the appearance of the plastic products, such as quality and colour. Classified according to the different functional role of additives, commonly used plastic additives are plasticizers, stabilizers, antistatic agents, foaming agents, flame retardants, anti-fogging agents, lubricants, fillers, colouring agents, crosslinking agents, coupling agents and so on.
1) Precautions for the selection of additives application:
¢Ù additives should be good compatibility with the resin, can be long-term, stable in the product dispersion, no volatility, no oozing, no spray frost to maintain product quality.
¢Ú in the high temperature conditions do not decompose and deteriorate, no corrosion of machinery and equipment.
¢Û A variety of additives mixed application does not produce mutual antagonism, does not reduce the original function of the additives.
¢Ü Selection of additives with low toxicity and low impact on environmental pollution.
¢Ý Selection of additives should be efficient and inexpensive.
2) The requirements of the formula combination:
¢Ù formula of various auxiliary materials (additives) should be added to ensure that the quality requirements of plastic products (such as the colour of the product, brittleness, use of temperature, the ability to withstand the pressure and intensity of work, etc.).
¢Ú formula materials to ensure the performance of products at the same time, should also pay attention to the cost of materials on the impact of production costs, should be a reasonable choice of cheaper materials (or additives), if necessary, add some fillers and recycled materials as appropriate.
¢Û Rigid PVC products do not add plasticisers in the formula for injection molding, can be a small amount of plasticizer to improve the fluidity of the molten material, to facilitate the injection of products.
¢Ü plastic products for food packaging and drinking water pipelines in the material, should comply with the standard health indicators; auxiliary materials in a variety of additives to choose a low content of heavy metals, non-toxic additives.
¢Ý Stabiliser selection: heat-resistant opaque products with alkaline lead salt additives, with metal soaps; outdoor products to improve its light stability should be selected two alkaline lead phosphite; transparent products should be selected organotin stabilizers.
The lubricant should be lead stearate or paraffin wax, and the dosage should be no more than (mass ratio) 1 per cent.
Nanjing Suminoe Precision Machinery Co., Ltd. is a collection of scientific research, production, sales in one of the high-tech enterprises, and has always adhered to the integrity, equality, the interests of the customer first business philosophy, in order to better improve the quality of the equipment, step into a more professional standardised production track. We set up an independent R & D technology centre and production department for six major types of equipment, such as plastic sheet and plate, casting, bi-directional stretching, non-woven non-woven meltblown cloth, film lamination and renewable granulation environmental protection recycling system. Provide professional full set of technical solutions to meet the special needs of each customer.
Translated with DeepL.com (free version)
Polyvinyl chloride film extrusion molding materials are mainly suspension method of polyvinyl chloride resin, the application of auxiliary materials is based on the performance of the film and the application of the conditions of the need to add a certain proportion of stabilizers, plasticizers, lubricants, fillers, coloring agents and some of the necessary processing aids, and so on, after a reasonable choice of the proportion of materials used in the composition of raw material formulations.
1.Raw material formula
PVC product is a kind of multi-component plastic, the design of product formula is a complicated technical work. It involves the application performance of main raw materials and auxiliary materials, product specifications and quality, production equipment, moulds and various production auxiliary equipment performance and PVC production process and control of process parameters and other factors. Therefore, the requirements of PVC products with raw materials formulation designers, should be a raw materials, equipment and production processes have a more comprehensive, systematic knowledge of the technical staff, not only have a more comprehensive theoretical knowledge, but also the production of practical work experience. Such a technician to design the formula, from raw materials, equipment and processes and other aspects of comprehensive consideration.
Formulation design should pay attention to the following points:
1) To understand the application conditions of the product, the main and secondary items in the quality requirements of the product, in order to meet the product quality requirements, try to choose a convenient source of raw materials, sufficient sources, low prices, more stable performance of the material composition formula.
2) The materials to be selected should pay attention to the mutual influence of the raw materials and the feasibility of the process operation. For example, in order to ensure that the products have better mechanical strength, ready to choose a higher relative molecular mass of PVC resin, however, the production of such materials require higher process temperatures, the result is that the production operation has brought a certain degree of difficulty, but also increase the cost of product quality.
Product production costs, and the quality of the product is difficult to ensure. Therefore, such materials are not desirable. Formulation design when selecting materials must be a comprehensive measure, can not unilaterally emphasise a certain point, while ignoring the consequences of interactions between materials.
3) Pay attention to the formulation of the material on the process operating conditions are demanding. Those sensitive to changes in process temperature, not easy to mix with other materials, easy to decompose, precipitate the material should be used sparingly or not.
4) The application of the main raw material suspension method of polyvinyl chloride resin, the general rule is: general-purpose ordinary polyvinyl chloride film with SG2 a type A; agricultural and artificial leather mask with SG3 a type A; industrial and civil film with SG4 a type A; transparent sheet with SG6 a type A; heat-shrinkable film with SG4 or SG5 type.
2. Auxiliary materials (additives) in the formulation
Auxiliaries are added to the main raw materials for plastic products in order to make the moulding and processing of plastic products go smoothly or to change the performance of the main raw materials of resin to meet the requirements of the application conditions of plastic products. This is the role of additives added to the main raw materials. For example, the addition of certain additives can change the viscosity, high temperature resistance, not easy to decompose, improve the fluidity of the molten material; some can improve the mechanical properties of the products; there are also able to change the appearance of the plastic products, such as quality and colour. Classified according to the different functional role of additives, commonly used plastic additives are plasticizers, stabilizers, antistatic agents, foaming agents, flame retardants, anti-fogging agents, lubricants, fillers, colouring agents, crosslinking agents, coupling agents and so on.
1) Precautions for the selection of additives application:
¢Ù additives should be good compatibility with the resin, can be long-term, stable in the product dispersion, no volatility, no oozing, no spray frost to maintain product quality.
¢Ú in the high temperature conditions do not decompose and deteriorate, no corrosion of machinery and equipment.
¢Û A variety of additives mixed application does not produce mutual antagonism, does not reduce the original function of the additives.
¢Ü Selection of additives with low toxicity and low impact on environmental pollution.
¢Ý Selection of additives should be efficient and inexpensive.
2) The requirements of the formula combination:
¢Ù formula of various auxiliary materials (additives) should be added to ensure that the quality requirements of plastic products (such as the colour of the product, brittleness, use of temperature, the ability to withstand the pressure and intensity of work, etc.).
¢Ú formula materials to ensure the performance of products at the same time, should also pay attention to the cost of materials on the impact of production costs, should be a reasonable choice of cheaper materials (or additives), if necessary, add some fillers and recycled materials as appropriate.
¢Û Rigid PVC products do not add plasticisers in the formula for injection molding, can be a small amount of plasticizer to improve the fluidity of the molten material, to facilitate the injection of products.
¢Ü plastic products for food packaging and drinking water pipelines in the material, should comply with the standard health indicators; auxiliary materials in a variety of additives to choose a low content of heavy metals, non-toxic additives.
¢Ý Stabiliser selection: heat-resistant opaque products with alkaline lead salt additives, with metal soaps; outdoor products to improve its light stability should be selected two alkaline lead phosphite; transparent products should be selected organotin stabilizers.
The lubricant should be lead stearate or paraffin wax, and the dosage should be no more than (mass ratio) 1 per cent.
Nanjing Suminoe Precision Machinery Co., Ltd. is a collection of scientific research, production, sales in one of the high-tech enterprises, and has always adhered to the integrity, equality, the interests of the customer first business philosophy, in order to better improve the quality of the equipment, step into a more professional standardised production track. We set up an independent R & D technology centre and production department for six major types of equipment, such as plastic sheet and plate, casting, bi-directional stretching, non-woven non-woven meltblown cloth, film lamination and renewable granulation environmental protection recycling system. Provide professional full set of technical solutions to meet the special needs of each customer.
Translated with DeepL.com (free version)